Page 89 - GRIHA Manual Volume I - Introduction to National Rating System
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76 Griha Manual: Volume 1
Criterion 15 Utilization of fl yash in building structure
Objective
To use low embodied energy industrial waste fl y ash as the construction material. Fly ash, an industrial
waste having the properties of cement and very low embodied energy is used in combination with
cements that are high in embodied energy.
15.1 Commitment
15.1.1 RC (reinforced concrete) (including ready-mix concrete) to make use of fl y ash by using
PPC (Portland pozzolona cement) containing fl y ash. A minimum of 15% replacement of
cement with fl y ash in PPC (by weight of the cement used) in the overall RC for meeting the
equivalent strength requirements.
15.1.2 Use fl y ash in building blocks for the walls.
15.1.3 Use fl y ash in Plaster/masonry mortar by employing PPC. Use plaster and/or masonry
mortar, which utilizes a minimum 30% of fl y ash in PPC, in 100% wall/ceiling fi nishes and
wall construction, meeting the required structural properties.
15.2 Compliance
The following documents should be submitted.
15.2.1 Fly ash use in RC: Minimum 15% replacement of cement with fl y ash by weight of cement
used in the total structural concrete. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer
of the cement specifying the fl y ash content in PPC used in reinforced concrete.
15.2.2 For use of fl y ash in building blocks of load bearing and non-load bearing wall: Minimum 40%
utilization of fl y ash by volume of materials, for 100% load bearing and non-load bearing
walls. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer of the pre-cast building blocks
specifying the fl y ash content of the blocks used in an infi ll wall system.
15.2.3 For use of fl y ash in plaster and masonry mortar: Minimum 30% use of fl y ash in place of
cement by weight in overall plaster and mortar requirement. Provide supporting document
from the manufacturer of the cement/ready mix concrete, specifying the fl y ash content in
PPC used in plaster and masonry mortar.
15.2.4 Certifi cate from the architect specifying overall replacement of cement in the RC, pre-cast
building blocks plaster and masonry in specifi ed format (in prescribed certifi cate format).
15.3 Appraisal (maximum points – 6)
15.3.1 Minimum 15% replacement of Portland cement with fl y ash by weight of cement used in
structural concrete, as per clause 15.2.1 – 1 point (additional 1 point if more than 30%).
15.3.2 Minimum 40% usage of fl y ash by volume of materials used for 100% load bearing and non-
load bearing walls, as per clause 15.2.2 – (2 points)
15.3.3 Certify minimum 30% replacement of OPC with fl y ash by weight of cement used in plaster/
masonry mortar, as per clause 15.2.3 (2 points).
Criterion 15 Utilization of fl yash in building structure
Objective
To use low embodied energy industrial waste fl y ash as the construction material. Fly ash, an industrial
waste having the properties of cement and very low embodied energy is used in combination with
cements that are high in embodied energy.
15.1 Commitment
15.1.1 RC (reinforced concrete) (including ready-mix concrete) to make use of fl y ash by using
PPC (Portland pozzolona cement) containing fl y ash. A minimum of 15% replacement of
cement with fl y ash in PPC (by weight of the cement used) in the overall RC for meeting the
equivalent strength requirements.
15.1.2 Use fl y ash in building blocks for the walls.
15.1.3 Use fl y ash in Plaster/masonry mortar by employing PPC. Use plaster and/or masonry
mortar, which utilizes a minimum 30% of fl y ash in PPC, in 100% wall/ceiling fi nishes and
wall construction, meeting the required structural properties.
15.2 Compliance
The following documents should be submitted.
15.2.1 Fly ash use in RC: Minimum 15% replacement of cement with fl y ash by weight of cement
used in the total structural concrete. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer
of the cement specifying the fl y ash content in PPC used in reinforced concrete.
15.2.2 For use of fl y ash in building blocks of load bearing and non-load bearing wall: Minimum 40%
utilization of fl y ash by volume of materials, for 100% load bearing and non-load bearing
walls. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer of the pre-cast building blocks
specifying the fl y ash content of the blocks used in an infi ll wall system.
15.2.3 For use of fl y ash in plaster and masonry mortar: Minimum 30% use of fl y ash in place of
cement by weight in overall plaster and mortar requirement. Provide supporting document
from the manufacturer of the cement/ready mix concrete, specifying the fl y ash content in
PPC used in plaster and masonry mortar.
15.2.4 Certifi cate from the architect specifying overall replacement of cement in the RC, pre-cast
building blocks plaster and masonry in specifi ed format (in prescribed certifi cate format).
15.3 Appraisal (maximum points – 6)
15.3.1 Minimum 15% replacement of Portland cement with fl y ash by weight of cement used in
structural concrete, as per clause 15.2.1 – 1 point (additional 1 point if more than 30%).
15.3.2 Minimum 40% usage of fl y ash by volume of materials used for 100% load bearing and non-
load bearing walls, as per clause 15.2.2 – (2 points)
15.3.3 Certify minimum 30% replacement of OPC with fl y ash by weight of cement used in plaster/
masonry mortar, as per clause 15.2.3 (2 points).
