Page 42 - GRIHA Manual Volume III - Introduction to National Rating System
P. 42
Building and system design optimization 35
Each of these analysis has several parameters to study, and each analysis results in certain design
interventions, which can be incorporated in the proposed building design (see table 5 below). The
whole study of building design optimization is an integrated effort to minimize energy consumption,
while ensuring thermal and visual comfort within the specified limits.
Table 5 Detail analysis for building design optimization
Sr. No. Analysis steps Study parameters Design interventions
1 Macro-climatic factors (geographical Appropriate design strategies like orientation,
location, ambient temperature, elevation design, fenestration design, and so
humidity, solar radiation, rainfall, on.
Step 1: Climate analysis wind, sky-condition, and so on)
Micro-climatic factors (topography Building spacing (footprint)
and landform, geologic and seismic
data, soil quality, vegetation, local
wind movement, and so on)
2 Step 2: Solar exposure analysis Intensity/duration of solar radiation Orientation, internal space arrangement, buffer
spaces
3 Step 3: Shading design Sun path analysis Appropriate shading design
4 Step 4: Solar heat gain Window size and glazing properties WWR /SRR and glass SHGC
5 Step 5: Daylight analysis Daylighted area, daylight factor Glass VLT
6 Step 6: Artiicial lighting Lighting level and LPD Eficient lighting scheme
analysis
7 Step 7: Daylight integration Daylighted area, daylight level and Lighting controls
artiicial lighting layout
Step 1: Climate analysis
A detailed understanding of the climate ensures climate-responsive building design. Therefore,
it is important to analyse the macro-climatic factors such as temperature, relative humidity, solar
radiation, wind pattern, and so on to finalize passive and active design strategies for the proposed
building. Climate analysis or the appropriate design strategy analysis can be easily carried out using
various softwares, such as Weather tool of ECOTECT, Climate Consultant, IES, and so on.
Though this analysis is not directly linked to any commitment of Criterion 13, but design
components related to the applicable design strategies should be integrated at the conceptual
stage of building design. Also, it has certain implications on the thermal comfort analysis conducted
for Criterion 14.
Step 2: Solar exposure analysis
After finalizing the orientation, the next step is to find out the critical façades of the proposed building.
Thus, a detailed solar exposure analysis needs to be carried out. The purpose of this analysis is to find
out the intensity and duration of incident solar radiation on various façades of the building, and to
consequently find out the critical façades of the proposed building. This can be easily measured by
the reference of total solar radiation data of NBC or by software simulation. The intent behind this
analysis is to optimize the orientation of the building, and/or rearrange the internal spaces in terms
of the location of buffer spaces, and/or identifying the location of openings, and so on.
Each of these analysis has several parameters to study, and each analysis results in certain design
interventions, which can be incorporated in the proposed building design (see table 5 below). The
whole study of building design optimization is an integrated effort to minimize energy consumption,
while ensuring thermal and visual comfort within the specified limits.
Table 5 Detail analysis for building design optimization
Sr. No. Analysis steps Study parameters Design interventions
1 Macro-climatic factors (geographical Appropriate design strategies like orientation,
location, ambient temperature, elevation design, fenestration design, and so
humidity, solar radiation, rainfall, on.
Step 1: Climate analysis wind, sky-condition, and so on)
Micro-climatic factors (topography Building spacing (footprint)
and landform, geologic and seismic
data, soil quality, vegetation, local
wind movement, and so on)
2 Step 2: Solar exposure analysis Intensity/duration of solar radiation Orientation, internal space arrangement, buffer
spaces
3 Step 3: Shading design Sun path analysis Appropriate shading design
4 Step 4: Solar heat gain Window size and glazing properties WWR /SRR and glass SHGC
5 Step 5: Daylight analysis Daylighted area, daylight factor Glass VLT
6 Step 6: Artiicial lighting Lighting level and LPD Eficient lighting scheme
analysis
7 Step 7: Daylight integration Daylighted area, daylight level and Lighting controls
artiicial lighting layout
Step 1: Climate analysis
A detailed understanding of the climate ensures climate-responsive building design. Therefore,
it is important to analyse the macro-climatic factors such as temperature, relative humidity, solar
radiation, wind pattern, and so on to finalize passive and active design strategies for the proposed
building. Climate analysis or the appropriate design strategy analysis can be easily carried out using
various softwares, such as Weather tool of ECOTECT, Climate Consultant, IES, and so on.
Though this analysis is not directly linked to any commitment of Criterion 13, but design
components related to the applicable design strategies should be integrated at the conceptual
stage of building design. Also, it has certain implications on the thermal comfort analysis conducted
for Criterion 14.
Step 2: Solar exposure analysis
After finalizing the orientation, the next step is to find out the critical façades of the proposed building.
Thus, a detailed solar exposure analysis needs to be carried out. The purpose of this analysis is to find
out the intensity and duration of incident solar radiation on various façades of the building, and to
consequently find out the critical façades of the proposed building. This can be easily measured by
the reference of total solar radiation data of NBC or by software simulation. The intent behind this
analysis is to optimize the orientation of the building, and/or rearrange the internal spaces in terms
of the location of buffer spaces, and/or identifying the location of openings, and so on.
